The Gulf of Finland is a large and elongated body of water located in northern Europe, situated between Finland to the north and Estonia to the south. It is a part of the Baltic Sea, a semi-enclosed inland sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean through the Danish Straits. The gulf is approximately 400 kilometers in length, stretching from the eastern coast of Finland, near the city of Kotka, to the western coast of Estonia, near Tallinn.
The Gulf of Finland is relatively shallow, with an average depth around 38 meters and a maximum depth of 123 meters. It is characterized by its cold and brackish waters, resulting from the inflow of numerous rivers, such as the Neva River. The gulf experiences significant seasonal variations in temperature, with relatively mild and freezing winters, and short but comparatively warm summers.
The Gulf of Finland serves as a vital maritime route, facilitating trade and transportation between the countries bordering its shores. It is also a crucial water body for fishing, supporting a diverse range of fish species including herring, cod, and salmon. Additionally, the gulf is a popular destination for recreational activities such as boating, sailing, and swimming, attracting locals and tourists alike.
Furthermore, the Gulf of Finland holds strategic significance due to its proximity to major cities like Helsinki and St. Petersburg, making it an important area for defense purposes.
