Enzyme Labeled Antibody Techniques (ELAT) pertains to a laboratory methodology commonly employed in immunoassays for the detection and quantification of specific proteins or antibodies. ELAT combines the specificity of antibodies with the sensitivity of enzymatic reactions, enabling the identification and measurement of target molecules.
ELAT begins by binding a primary antibody to the antigen of interest in a biological sample. The primary antibody recognizes and attaches specifically to the target molecule, forming an antibody-antigen complex. In the subsequent step, a secondary antibody attached to an enzyme is added to the sample, which binds to the antigen-antibody complex. The enzyme linked to the secondary antibody catalyzes a specific chemical reaction that produces a detectable signal.
Upon addition of the substrate or reagent specific to the attached enzyme, a reaction occurs, leading to the generation of a visible or measurable product. This product is typically a colored or fluorescent compound, or a chemiluminescent emission that indicates the presence and quantity of the target antigen.
ELAT offers several advantages, including high sensitivity, broad dynamic range, and rapid detection. It is utilized in different research fields, such as clinical diagnostics, immunology, molecular biology, and pharmaceutical development. ELAT has widespread applications in detecting diseases, evaluating immune responses, analyzing protein interactions, and characterizing biomarkers.
Overall, Enzyme Labeled Antibody Techniques have become indispensable tools in scientific research, clinical laboratories, and medical diagnostics, enabling the identification and quantification of specific molecules and contributing to advancements in understanding diseases and developing treatments.
