Enzyme Labeled Antibody Technic (ELAT) is a biochemical technique commonly used in immunological assays to detect and quantify specific antigens within a sample. It relies on the use of enzyme-labeled antibodies to bind to the target antigen, followed by enzymatic reaction for signal generation and detection.
In ELAT, an antibody specific to the target antigen is conjugated with an enzyme, typically horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or alkaline phosphatase (AP). When the enzyme-labeled antibody is added to the sample containing the antigen of interest, it binds to the target antigen forming an antibody-antigen complex.
Next, a substrate specific to the enzyme used is added. This substrate is converted into a colored or fluorescent product by the enzyme, resulting in a detectable signal that correlates with the presence and concentration of the antigen. The signal can be measured using various detection methods such as spectrophotometry or fluorescence microscopy.
ELAT offers high sensitivity, specificity, and a wide dynamic range for detection of target antigens. It is widely employed in various immunodiagnostic tests, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry.
The use of enzyme-labeled antibodies in ELAT allows for amplification of the detection signal, making it a valuable tool in many research, clinical, and industrial applications. ELAT enables the identification and quantification of specific antigens within complex biological samples, aiding in disease diagnosis, monitoring therapeutic responses, and investigating protein expression patterns in cells and tissues.
