Saturnine tremor refers to an involuntary rhythmic shaking or quivering of the body that is characterized by a slow, steady, and deliberate nature. The term "saturnine" is derived from the Latin word "sāturnīnus," meaning gloomy, grave, or somber, and is often used to describe a person's temperament or mood. In the context of tremors, saturnine tremor typically refers to a type of tremor that is associated with parkinsonism.
Parkinsonism refers to a group of neurological disorders that share common symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia (slowness of movement). Saturnine tremor specifically occurs due to chronic exposure to heavy metals, particularly lead. This type of tremor is commonly seen in individuals who have been occupationally exposed to lead, such as workers in industries like mining, battery manufacturing, or painting.
Saturnine tremor is often characterized by a slow, rhythmic shaking that affects various parts of the body, such as the hands, legs, or jaw. The tremor usually worsens during rest or when attempting to perform voluntary movements, but may improve or disappear during action or sleep. In addition to tremors, individuals with saturnine tremor may also experience other symptoms of parkinsonism, such as muscle stiffness, slowed movements, and postural instability.
Diagnosis of saturnine tremor involves a comprehensive assessment, including medical history, physical examination, and blood tests to detect elevated blood lead levels. Treatment typically involves removing the source of lead exposure, such as avoiding or minimizing contact with lead in the workplace or environment. Medications may also be prescribed to alleviate symptoms and manage the progression of parkinsonism. In severe cases, deep brain stimulation (
