Porcine enterovirus B (PEV-B) refers to a group of viruses that belong to the Enterovirus genus and Picornaviridae family. These viruses primarily affect swine species, causing various pathological conditions. PEV-B viruses are RNA viruses, characterized by their small size, non-enveloped structure, and icosahedral symmetry.
These viruses primarily target the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems of pigs, resulting in clinical signs such as diarrhea, respiratory distress, decreased feed intake, and growth retardation. They can also lead to reproductive disorders, including stillbirths, mummified fetuses, and infertility in sows.
The transmission of Porcine enterovirus B can occur through direct contact with infected animals, ingestion of contaminated feces or water, as well as aerosol transmission. Certain species of mosquitoes and other arthropods have also been implicated as potential vectors in the transmission of these viruses.
To diagnose Porcine enterovirus B infections, laboratory techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virus isolation are employed. Prevention and control methods mainly involve maintaining strict biosecurity measures, including quarantine, disinfection of premises, and control of arthropod vectors.
Although Porcine enterovirus B infections generally cause mild to moderate clinical symptoms in pigs, outbreaks can have a significant economic impact on the swine industry due to decreased production, increased medication costs, and potential trade restrictions. Therefore, understanding the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and prevention of PEV-B infections is crucial for the effective management of this viral disease in pig populations.
