Plica synovialis patellaris refers to a fold or ridge of synovial tissue or membrane found in the knee joint, particularly around the patella (kneecap). It is a fibrous structure that extends from the synovial lining of the joint capsule. The plica synovialis patellaris runs along the medial (inner) aspect of the patella and is one of the four main plicae of the knee.
This condition is a congenital anomaly, meaning it is present from birth, and not every individual has a plica synovialis patellaris. It is formed during fetal development when there is incomplete resorption of embryonic tissues in the knee joint. The plica may also be formed or thickened due to prolonged inflammation or overuse, resulting in a more prominent or problematic plica.
When a plica synovialis patellaris becomes irritated or inflamed, it can cause pain, swelling, and stiffness in the knee joint. This condition is known as plica syndrome. The symptoms may worsen during activities that involve repetitive knee movements, such as running, jumping, or squatting.
Treatment for plica synovialis patellaris usually involves conservative measures, such as rest, ice, anti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy. In more severe cases, when conservative measures fail to relieve symptoms, surgical interventions like arthroscopic plica excision may be considered to remove or release the plica.
