Pronunciation: [pˈakhɐwˌad͡ʒ] (IPA) 
The word "pakhawaj" is a percussion instrument used in traditional Indian music. Its spelling is based on the Hindi language, which uses a different writing system than English. The correct pronunciation of "pakhawaj" is /pəˈkɑːwədʒ/, with emphasis on the second syllable. The unique spelling of the word serves as a reminder of its cultural origins and highlights the diversity of languages and musical traditions around the world.
The pakhawaj is a traditional Indian percussion instrument that belongs to the category of barrel-shaped drums. It is an essential part of Hindustani classical music and is widely used in various folk and devotional music forms. The word "pakhawaj" is derived from the Sanskrit words "paksha" meaning "side," and "vadya" meaning "instrument." It is also known by other names such as "mardal" or "paku."
The pakhawaj has a distinctive structure consisting of a cylindrical wooden shell with a diameter at the two ends that is wider than the middle. It is typically crafted from jackfruit wood, although other materials like mango wood or clay are also used. The two heads of the drum are made of layered animal skin, usually goat or buffalo. The larger head is known as the "baaya" or "dhamma," and the smaller head is called the "chota" or "dagga."
To produce sound, the pakhawaj is played with both hands by striking the heads with the fingertips, palms, or a combination of both. Different strokes and techniques are employed on different parts of the drum to create a wide range of tones and rhythms. The pakhawaj is highly versatile and can produce both melodic and rhythmic patterns, making it suitable for solo performances, accompaniment, and rhythmic compositions.
The pakhawaj holds great cultural and historical significance and is seen as a symbol of Indian classical music. Its deep, resonant sound and unique playing techniques make it an integral part of various traditions and ceremonies. Its popularity has transcended boundaries, and it attracts practitioners and enthusiasts from all around the world who appreciate its rich musical heritage.
The word "pakhawaj" is derived from the combination of two Sanskrit words: "pakhav" and "vadya".
"Pakhav" means "two sides" or "both sides", referring to the two ends of the drum. "Vadya" means "instrument" or "musical instrument". The two words combined form "pakhavadya", which refers to the drum that has two sides, specifically the pakhawaj.
Over time, the term "pakhavadya" was shortened to "pakhawaj" in colloquial usage. The pakhawaj is a traditional Indian percussion instrument, particularly associated with Hindustani classical music. It is often used as an accompanying instrument for dhrupad singing and is known for its deep, resonant sound.
