Japanese river fever, also known as Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), is a potentially life-threatening infectious disease caused by various strains of hantaviruses. It is primarily transmitted to humans through contact with infected rodents, specifically the deer mouse, which is the primary carrier of hantavirus. The disease was first identified in Japan in the 1970s, hence the term "Japanese river fever".
The symptoms of Japanese river fever initially resemble those of the flu, including fever, fatigue, muscle aches, and headaches. As the disease progresses, individuals may experience respiratory symptoms such as coughing and shortness of breath. In severe cases, HPS can lead to fluid buildup in the lungs, which can cause respiratory failure. The incubation period for Japanese river fever can range from a few days to several weeks, and the severity of symptoms can vary from mild to severe.
Prevention and control measures for Japanese river fever primarily involve minimizing contact with rodent-infested areas and implementing effective rodent control strategies. Proper sanitation and hygiene practices, such as storing food in tightly sealed containers and regularly cleaning highly-trafficked areas, can reduce the risk of exposure to infected rodent droppings. Additionally, wearing protective gloves and masks while cleaning potentially contaminated areas can further prevent transmission.
Due to the potentially severe nature of Japanese river fever, early diagnosis and medical treatment are crucial. Persons suspected of being infected should seek immediate medical attention, and healthcare professionals should be informed about any potential exposure to rodents or their excretions. Treatment typically involves supportive care, with the aim of managing symptoms and preventing complications.
