Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) is a highly damaging plant pathogenic virus that belongs to the genus Tospovirus within the family Bunyaviridae. It is known to infect a wide range of plant species, particularly those from the family Solanaceae, such as tomatoes, peppers, and eggplants, but its main host is the impatiens plant.
INSV is transmitted by thrips, small insects that feed on the sap of plants, acting as vectors for the virus. Once a plant is infected, the symptoms gradually appear and can vary depending on the host species. These symptoms include chlorotic or necrotic local lesions, ring spots on leaves, stunted growth, and distortion of young leaves. In some cases, plants may fail to develop flowers or fruits, leading to significant economic losses in commercial crops.
The virus has a single-stranded RNA genome that is encapsulated in a helical ribonucleoprotein structure. INSV replicates inside the plant cells, and its movements within the plant are regulated by viral proteins and host factors. The virus interferes with the normal physiological processes of infected plants, ultimately resulting in the observed symptoms.
Control measures for INSV include the use of certified virus-free plant material, implementing strict hygiene practices in greenhouses, controlling thrips populations with insecticides or biological agents, and practicing crop rotation to break the virus cycle. Early detection and prompt management are crucial to prevent the spread and minimize the impact of Impatiens necrotic spot virus on agricultural and horticultural crops.
