How Do You Spell DNA PHOTOREACTIVATING ENZYME?

1. DNA photoreactivating enzyme (also known as DNA repair photolyase) is a protein enzyme that plays a crucial role in repairing DNA damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It is found in various organisms, including bacteria, plants, and animals.

   The enzyme is unique in its ability to reverse a specific type of DNA damage known as pyrimidine dimers, which are formed when adjacent thymine or cytosine bases in DNA are covalently bonded due to UV exposure. DNA photoreactivating enzyme utilizes light energy from visible or near-ultraviolet wavelengths to catalyze the photoreversal of these dimers.

   The catalytic mechanism of this enzyme involves absorption of photon energy by a light-sensitive cofactor, typically a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) molecule bound to the enzyme. Upon absorption of light energy, the enzyme undergoes a conformational change, allowing it to physically interact with the damaged DNA strand. This interaction triggers a series of enzymatic reactions that result in the separation of the covalent bonds between the pyrimidine bases, ultimately restoring the integrity of the DNA molecule.

   The DNA photoreactivating enzyme has significant implications for cellular repair processes and the maintenance of genomic stability. It acts as a first line of defense against UV-induced DNA damage, protecting cells from potentially harmful mutations. Hence, it is a key component of the DNA repair system in organisms exposed to sunlight.

Common Misspellings for DNA PHOTOREACTIVATING ENZYME