Chronic anterior poliomyelitis is a medical condition characterized by the long-term effects of a viral infection known as poliomyelitis on the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, resulting in muscle weakness and paralysis. Poliomyelitis is caused by the poliovirus, which enters the body through the mouth and multiplies in the intestines, ultimately attacking the nervous system.
Chronic anterior poliomyelitis specifically refers to the persistent and delayed onset of symptoms following the initial infection. The condition typically affects the lower motor neurons (anterior horn cells) located in the spinal cord, causing muscle weakness, wasting, and atrophy. The paralysis usually affects the muscles that were originally affected during the acute phase of the infection.
Symptoms of chronic anterior poliomyelitis may include muscle weakness, fatigue, pain, and joint deformities. The severity of the condition can vary, with some individuals experiencing only mild impairments while others may suffer from significant physical disabilities.
Management of chronic anterior poliomyelitis involves a multidisciplinary approach, including physical therapy, occupational therapy, orthotics, and assistive devices to improve mobility and functionality. Ongoing medical supervision is essential to prevent complications, manage pain, and address associated medical issues such as respiratory problems or skeletal deformities.
Although the incidence of chronic anterior poliomyelitis has significantly decreased due to the advent of poliomyelitis vaccination, individuals who experienced the acute infection before widespread vaccination may still develop long-term effects.
