BASE SUBSTITUTION Meaning and
Definition
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Base substitution, also known as point mutation or single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), is a type of genetic mutation that involves the replacement of a single nucleotide base with another base in a DNA or RNA sequence. This mutation occurs when there is an error or alteration in the replication or transcription process, leading to a change in the genetic code.
In base substitution, the substitution of one base for another results in a change in the corresponding amino acid during translation, and subsequently may lead to changes in the protein structure and function. The impact of base substitutions on an organism can vary widely, ranging from no effect to dramatic consequences, depending on the location and nature of the mutation.
Base substitutions can be classified into different types based on the specific nucleotide change that occurs. For example, a transition results from the replacement of a purine base (adenine or guanine) with another purine, or a pyrimidine base (cytosine or thymine) with another pyrimidine. On the other hand, a transversion occurs when a purine is replaced by a pyrimidine or vice versa.
Base substitutions play a significant role in genetic variability and evolution. They can contribute to the development of genetic disorders or diseases, influence susceptibility or resistance to certain diseases, and sometimes serve as genetic markers for population studies or forensic investigations. Furthermore, base substitutions are crucial for understanding the genetic basis of inheritance and the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic diseases.
Common Misspellings for BASE SUBSTITUTION
- vase substitution
- nase substitution
- hase substitution
- gase substitution
- bzse substitution
- bsse substitution
- bwse substitution
- bqse substitution
- baae substitution
- baze substitution
- baxe substitution
- bade substitution
- baee substitution
- bawe substitution
- basw substitution
- bass substitution
- basd substitution
- basr substitution
- bas4 substitution
- bas3 substitution
Etymology of BASE SUBSTITUTION
The term "base substitution" consists of two parts: "base" and "substitution". Here is the etymology of each part:
1. Base:
The word "base" originates from the Old French word "bas", which means "low" or "low-down". It later derived from the Latin word "basis", meaning "foundation" or "support". In genetics and molecular biology, a "base" refers to one of the four nitrogenous bases—adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), or cytosine (C)—that form the building blocks of DNA molecules.
2. Substitution:
The word "substitution" comes from the Latin word "substitutio", which means "exchanging" or "putting in place of". It is derived from the verb "substituere", meaning "to put in the place of".
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