ANCHORED PCR Meaning and
Definition
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Anchored PCR, also known as anchored polymerase chain reaction, is a molecular biology technique used to amplify specific DNA fragments when the sequence of one end of the target DNA is known, while the other end is unknown. This method is particularly useful in situations where the unknown DNA sequence is to be determined or further analyzed.
The Anchored PCR process involves a set of primers, which are unique DNA molecules that bind to specific sequences of the target DNA, initiating the amplification process. In this technique, one of the primers used is designed to target the known end of the DNA sequence, referred to as the anchor primer. The other primer, known as the arbitrary or nested primer, is more designed to bind to regions within the target DNA that are considered common or conserved.
To carry out Anchored PCR, the target DNA is subjected to a series of heating and cooling cycles in the presence of DNA polymerase, nucleotides, and the primers. This causes the DNA strands to separate (denaturation), the primers to bind to their respective target sequences (annealing), and DNA polymerase to synthesize new DNA strands complementary to the template (extension). As a result, the DNA fragments between the known and unknown regions are specifically amplified and can be further analyzed or sequenced.
Anchored PCR is a molecular tool widely used in research, diagnostics, and various other applications to amplify and study specific regions of DNA, especially when one end of the target sequence is already known.
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Etymology of ANCHORED PCR
The term "Anchored PCR" is a combination of the words "anchored" and "PCR" (Polymerase Chain Reaction).
1. Anchored: In this context, "anchored" refers to the technique of using a predetermined sequence as a starting point (anchor) for amplifying specific DNA or RNA molecules. It involves priming the PCR reaction with a known sequence and using it as a primer to initiate the amplification.
2. PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction is a molecular biology technique that allows the amplification of a specific segment of DNA or RNA. It uses a heat-resistant DNA polymerase enzyme, DNA primers, and nucleotides to exponentially replicate the target sequence.
Therefore, the term "Anchored PCR" describes a variation of the PCR technique that involves using a known sequence as a starting point or anchor for amplifying specific DNA or RNA molecules.
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