ADULT ONSET STILL DISEASE Meaning and
Definition
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Adult onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects adults. It is characterized by a combination of symptoms including high spiking fevers, joint pain, skin rash, sore throat, and systemic inflammation, which may lead to complications affecting multiple organs. AOSD is considered an autoinflammatory disease, meaning it is caused by the dysregulation of the body's immune system.
The exact cause of AOSD is still unknown, but it is believed to involve both genetic and environmental factors. The disease is thought to occur due to an abnormal response of the immune system, leading to the release of excessive amounts of certain inflammatory chemicals called cytokines. The overproduction of these cytokines leads to the clinical manifestations observed in AOSD.
The symptoms of AOSD may vary from person to person and can also fluctuate over time. Diagnosis is often challenging due to the similarity of symptoms with other diseases. Physicians rely on a combination of clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, and exclusion of other potential causes to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment for AOSD aims to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologic agents are commonly prescribed to control inflammation and provide relief.
Although AOSD is a chronic condition, the prognosis often improves with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. However, the disease may still present with periods of remission and relapse. Regular monitoring and ongoing medical care are crucial to manage symptoms and prevent complications associated with AOSD.
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